Understand how effects are used in the production of
audio-visual media
P1 : TITLE - Explain how special effects are used to generate audio-visual content
Mechanised Props 00:20-00:40 Mechanical props are props used in films which use animatronics and robotics to be able to move when wanted to do during the shooting of the film. When CGI is not available or not wanted in the film, they'll use mechanical props because of its realistic look of detail and size. In the video I have chosen you can see the mechanical dinosaur being manipulated by the builder. |
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Stunt Props 00:20-01:16 Stunt props are used to imitate real objects, the film would use this because they would want the most realistic looking object to be used in the shots while also being safe for the actors and stuntmen to be around it. In this video you see the world's greatest martial artists of all time with nunchucks take on a couple of henchmen, obviously the nunchucks are rubber or foam padded, because of the way they look they seem realistic and the way he hits the henchmen knowing that they are safe helps the film look more realistic. |
Scale Models 01:11-02:13 Scale models are used to fake the size of a model both making it looking either smaller or bigger and more realistic when shot. These models are often vehicles, buildings and environments that include the object exploding or being destroyed. The video shows a couple of important buildings in the US being blown up by an alien spaceship. As pyrotechnics would be very expensive to take place in the actual locations or even a fake real size location and cgi did not look realistic enough at the time. The film decided to build a scale model of some buildings in the US and then to blow them up using pyrotechnics in a small scale. |
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P2: Explain how visual effects are used to generate
audio-visual content
Digital Composing - 00:14-00:20 In many films, digital composing is used to digitally add and take out images and parts of the footage to achieve a better final product. For example in this video you can see that there is a building shown when the camera pans through. The video later shows this was a 3d image instead of an actual building. |
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Blue Screen - 03:17-03:30 Blue screens are used in films to add a background behind actors or props. They are often used when there is n0 blue colours needed in the shot and when the location they are being filmed. For example the video shows the shot of the car in the air taking place in front of a blue screen. |
Green Screen - 00:10-00:20 Green Screen is also used in films to give the shot a background to later edit in post. It could be the background of different environments for example the desert, cities or even the ocean. In this video shown we can see that green screen is used to give a background for the bus that is being blown up. The footage can then be put in another video or other footage can be put in the original video using the green screen background. |
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CGI (Computer Generated Images) 01:30-01:40 CGI is the creation of something like an image or a 3d objected that was made using a software on computer. They commonly used a green object that is used as a green screen to take out parts of the footage to then edit in the CGI animation. In this video you can see that the piece of technology this man is wearing is creating the movement of the 3d object on the computer which will then be edited in the film. |
Matte Painting 00:15-00:20 Matte painting are painting created by hand or computer that are then used as a background in the green or blue screen area. In this video you see that in the green screen space, once edited there is a painting or images that makes the ground look like it had broke apart. |
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Morphing The morphing effect is used to show an object or living thing slowly change into something completely different while the camera does not cut away. In this video you can see an animal being turned into some other animal. |
Rotoscoping 00:25-00-30 Rotoscoping is when parts of the footage taken is added with a drawing that was added frame by frame. For example this video shows lightsabers having some sort of glow coming from them. Instead of using a software to automatically map the movement of the swords which was impossible back in the day, they painted frame by frame the glow on the light sabers |
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3D Graphics - 00:09-00:32 3d graphics is an animation that uses CGI to create a realistic 3d element in the video. This can be an alternative when the production budget is small or impossible to create. For example this film would be impossible to do produce without the use of 3d animation, this is because of the rabbits being shown. Also the environment would have been hard to create in real life, although it would be possible, it would be very expensive. Therefore the short film is completely in 3d. |